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 Oriental Orthodoxy is the communion of Eastern Christian Churches that recognize only three ecumenical councils — the First Council of Nicaea, the First Council of Constantinople and the Council of Ephesus. They reject the dogmatic definitions of the Council of Chalcedon. Hence, these Churches are also called Old Oriental Churches. Despite the potentially confusing nomenclature, Oriental Orthodox churches are distinct from those that are collectively referred to as the Eastern Orthodox Church. The Oriental Orthodox communion comprises six groups: Coptic Orthodox, Syriac Orthodox, Ethiopian Orthodox, Eritrean Orthodox, Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church, and Armenian Apostolic churches. These six churches, while being in communion with each other are completely independent hierachically and have no equivalent of the Bishop of Rome or Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople. The Oriental Orthodox and other Christians split over differences in Christology. The First Council of Nicaea (321) declared that Jesus Christ was God, "consubstantial" with the Father; and the Council of Ephesus (431) that Jesus, though divine as well as human, was only one person. Twenty years after Ephesus, the Council of Chalcedon declared that Jesus had two complete natures, one human and one divine. Those who opposed Chalcedon likened its doctrine to the Nestorian heresy, condemned at Ephesus, that Christ was two persons, one divine and one human. Selected article Did you know...
WikiProjectsQuotes"You victorious martyrs who endured torments gladly for the sake of the God and Savior, you who have boldness of speech toward the Lord himself, you saints, intercede for us who are timid and sinful men, full of sloth, that the grace of Christ may come upon us, and enlighten the hearts of all of us that so we may love him."
"This is true perfection: not to avoid a wicked life because we fear punishment, like slaves; not to do good because we expect repayment, as if cashing in on the virtuous life by enforcing some business deal. On the contrary, disregarding all those good things which we do hope for and which God has promised us, we regard falling from God’s friendship as the only thing dreadful, and we consider becoming God’s friend the only thing truly worthwhile."
CategoriesTopicsBackground: Christianity • Eastern Orthodox Theology • Miaphysitism • Apostolic Succession • Intercession of Saints • Nicene Creed • Four Marks of the Church • Panentheism Ecumenical and other councils: First Council of Nicaea • First Council of Constantinople • First Council of Ephesus • Second Council of Ephesus Popes & Patriarchs: Pope of Alexandria • Patriarch of Antioch • Patriarch of Armenia • Catholicos of the East Rites: Liturgy of St James • Syriac Language • Coptic language • Syriac Christianity Churches: Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria • British Orthodox Church • French Orthodox Church • Armenian Apostolic Church of All Armenians • Armenian Apostolic Church of Cilicia • Armenian Apostolic Church of Constantinople • Armenian Apostolic Church of Jerusalem • Syriac Orthodox Church • Malankara Syriac Orthodox Church • Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church • Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Church • Indian Orthodox Church Related portals
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